perm filename SHERS2.XGP[ALS,ALS] blob
sn#444125 filedate 1979-05-29 generic text, type T, neo UTF8
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␈¬↓␈¬α␈¬β␈¬∧␈¬α␈↓ ¬εSTANFORD UNIVERSITY␈↓ ↓H
␈¬β␈↓ ¬_STANFORD, CALIFORNIA 94305␈↓ ↓H
␈¬∧ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LABORATORY␈↓
+ Telephone:␈↓ ↓H
␈↓
+415-497-3330␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈¬↓␈↓ εMay 29, 1979␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
Mr. Harry Shershow␈↓ ↓H
Personal Computing␈↓ ↓H
1050 Commomwealth Avenue␈↓ ↓H
Boston, Mass. 02215␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
Dear Mr Shershow:␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HLet␈α
me␈α
first␈α
answer␈α
your␈α
question␈α
regarding␈α
Strachey's␈α
part␈α
in␈α
the␈α
early␈α
work␈α
on␈α
checkers.␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HStachey␈αwas␈αindeed␈αinterested␈αin␈αcheckers␈αat␈αa␈αrelatively␈αearly␈αdate,␈αalthough␈α
perhaps␈α
not␈α
as␈α
early␈α
as␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H1947␈αwhen␈αI␈αstarted␈αto␈αwork␈αon␈αmy␈αprogram␈αwhile␈αat␈αthe␈αUniversity␈α
of␈α
Illinois.␈α
Babbage␈α
had␈α
earlier␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hproposed␈α
having␈α
his␈α
Analytic␈α
Engine␈α
play␈α
draughts␈α
and␈α
chess␈α
so␈α
we␈α
were␈α
both␈α
scooped.␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HMy␈α∞first␈α∞checker␈α∞program␈α∞for␈α
the␈α
ILLIAC␈α
was␈α
never␈α
actually␈α
run␈α
as␈α
the␈α
ILLIAC␈α
was␈α
still␈α
only␈α
a␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hpaper␈αdesign␈αwhen␈αI␈αleft␈αthe␈αUniversity␈αfor␈αIBM␈αin␈α1949.␈αIt␈αwas␈αnot␈αuntil␈αearly␈α1952␈αthat␈αI␈αhad␈αmy␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hprogram␈αrunning␈αon␈αthe␈αexperimental␈αmodel␈αof␈αthe␈α701.␈αIncidentally,␈αthis␈αfirst␈αprogram␈αwas␈αwritten␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hdirectly␈α
in␈α
machine␈α
code␈α
before␈α
we␈α
even␈α
had␈α
a␈α
symbolic␈α
assemblier.␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HI␈α∞learned␈α
of␈α
Strachey's␈α
work␈α
from␈α
the␈α
paper␈α
that␈α
he␈α
presented␈α
in␈α
Toronto␈α
in␈α
Sept.␈α
1952.␈α
Since␈α
he␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hwas␈αby␈αthen␈αat␈αthe␈αpublication␈αstate,␈αI␈αmust␈αconcede␈αdefeat.␈αIt␈αwas␈αnot␈α
until␈α
1954,␈α
with␈α
the␈α
advent␈α
of␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hthe␈α∞IBM␈α∞704␈α∞that␈α∞my␈α∞program␈α
was␈α
able␈α
to␈α
play␈α
an␈α
interesting␈α
game.␈α
My␈α
contribution␈α
was␈α
to␈α
add␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hlearning␈α
to␈α
the␈α
program,␈α
and␈α
I␈α
believe␈α
that␈α
I␈α
can␈α
claim␈α
a␈α
first␈α
for␈α
this.␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HAs␈α⊂soon␈α⊂as␈α⊂I␈α⊂could,␈α⊂I␈α⊂arranged␈α⊂to␈α⊂meet␈α⊂Strachey␈α⊂in␈α⊂Cambridge␈α⊂England,␈α⊂It␈α⊂must␈α⊂have␈α∂been␈α∂in␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HDecember␈α
of␈α
1953␈α
because␈α
Boden␈α
gave␈α
me␈α
a␈α
copy␈α
of␈α
his␈αbook␈αduring␈αthis␈αsame␈αvisit.␈αAt␈αany␈αrate,␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HStachey␈αhad␈αnot␈αprogressed␈αmuch␈αfurther␈αthan␈αwhat␈αwas␈α
reported␈α
in␈α
Boden's␈α
book␈α
and␈α
his␈α
program␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hwas␈αnot␈αthen␈αin␈αa␈αplayable␈αcondition.␈αWe␈αdid␈αhave␈αa␈αvery␈αinteresting␈αmeeting␈αand␈αStrachey␈αwas␈α
full␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hof␈αideas␈αas␈αto␈αhow␈αI␈αcould␈αimprove␈αmy␈αprogram.␈αIn␈αreviewing␈αthe␈αcredit␈αlines␈αin␈αmy␈α1959␈αpaper,␈αit␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hnow␈αseems␈αthat␈αI␈αdid␈αnot␈αgive␈αhim␈α
enough␈α
credit,␈α
although␈α
I␈α
did␈α
state␈α
that␈α
"The␈α
basic␈α
program␈α
used␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hin␈αthese␈αexperiments␈αis␈αquite␈αsimilar␈αto␈αthe␈αprogram␈αdescribed␈αby␈αStrachey␈αin␈α1952".␈αStrachey␈αand␈αI␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hbecame␈αgood␈αfriends␈αand␈αmy␈αwife␈αand␈αI␈αwere␈αinvited␈αto␈α
his␈α
home␈α
on␈α
a␈α
number␈α
of␈α
occasions.␈α
He␈α
was␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Ha␈α
very␈α
brilliant␈α
man␈α
and␈α
it␈α
was␈α
a␈α
real␈α
loss␈α
when␈α
he␈α
died␈α
so␈α
young.␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HNow␈αas␈αto␈αmy␈αVice␈αVersa␈αprogram-␈αThere␈αis␈αreally␈αvery␈αlittle␈αto␈αsay␈αexcept␈αthat␈αthis␈αgame␈αseems␈αto␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hbe␈α∞ideally␈α
suited␈α
for␈α
a␈α
computer␈α
with␈α
a␈α
display,␈α
such␈α
as␈α
the␈α
Video␈α
Brain,␈α
because␈α
of␈α
the␈α
practical␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hdifficulty␈αof␈αmaking␈αplays␈αcorrectly␈αwhen␈αusing␈αan␈αordinary␈αboard.␈αThe␈αgame␈αlends␈αitself␈αwell␈αto␈αan␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HAlpha-Beta␈αtree␈αsearch␈αand␈αit␈αhas␈αa␈αreasonable␈αbranching␈αfactor␈αso␈αthe␈αprogram␈αcan␈αlook␈αquite␈αfar␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Hahead.␈α
The␈α
evaluation␈α
aspect␈α
is␈αa␈αbit␈αtricky␈αas␈αmuch␈αless␈αis␈αknown␈αabout␈αthis␈αgame␈αthan␈αis␈αknown␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Habout␈α⊂checkers␈α⊂or␈α⊂chess.␈α⊂It␈α⊂was␈α⊂also␈α⊂a␈α⊂challenge␈α∂to␈α∂get␈α∂it␈α∂all␈α∂within␈α∂the␈α∂RAM␈α∂and␈α∂ROM␈α∂limits␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓Himposed␈αby␈αa␈αmicro␈αcomputer␈αbut␈αI␈αhad␈αalready␈αfaced␈αthis␈αproblem␈αwith␈αmy␈αchecker␈αprogram.␈αThe␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓HVideo␈α
Brain␈α
version␈α
is␈α
really␈α
quite␈α
some␈α
fun␈α
to␈α
play.␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ εW
Sincerely yours,␈↓ εW
␈↓ εW
␈↓ εW
␈↓ εW
Arthur L. Samuel␈↓ εW
␈↓ ↓H
ALS:pdp10␈↓ ↓H
␈↓ ↓H